Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management free essay sample

Researching for and finalizing this report have been an extremely learning, interesting and rewarding experience for me. It was a lifetime opportunity to compare the bookish knowledge with the real-world applications. I have gone heights to ensure the highest possible quality of our research and report. You would be pleased to know that I have worked with the utmost possible integrity, honesty and care for preparing this paper. I also tried to follow your instructions properly now and when necessary. I would like to request you to allow me to submit the report on the Portfolio Management Sincerely Yours Md. Sabirul Islam ID- 081-12-0199 Introduction: Security Portfolio Management: Portfolio is a group of financial assets such as shares, stocks, bonds, debt instruments, mutual funds, cash equivalents, etc. A portfolio is planned to stabilize the risk of non-performance of various pools of investment. Management is the organization and coordination of the activities of an enterprise in accordance with well-defined policies and in achievement of its pre-defined objectives. We will write a custom essay sample on Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Portfolio Management (PM) guides the investor in a method of selecting the best available securities that will provide the expected rate of return for any given degree of risk and also to mitigate (reduce) the risks. It is a strategic decision which is addressed by the top-level managers. Portfolio management is also known as investment management which consists of managing the investment securities options. There are seven main activities in portfolio management. They are: †¢ Laying down the objectives of investment and the difficulties involved in it Choosing the asset mix †¢ Portfolio strategy formulation †¢ Securities selection †¢ Execution of portfolio †¢ Revision of portfolio and †¢ Evaluation of performance. Here, Security selection is the first question and Asset allocation is the second question. Security selection based on: †¢ Risk: The measures of risk that are most widely and commonly used are variability and beta measures. The preferred measure of variability is standard deviation and beta reflects the systematic risk of the portfolio. †¢ 2. Return: Return can be expressed as a percentage and is calculated by adding the income and the change in value and then dividing by the initial principal or investment amount. The change in the value of a portfolio over an evaluation period, including any distributions made from the portfolio during that period. Measuring the overall performance measuring the performance of the portfolio involves considering both risk and return. The most widely used measures of performance are Treynor’s measure, the Sharpe measure, the Jensen measure and the M2 measure. Apex Adelchi Footwear Limited [pic] | A leading manufacturer and exporter of leather footwear from Bangladesh to major shoe retailers in Western Europe, North America and Japan. The company has revenues of USD 42 million in 2006. AAFL pioneered the export of value added finished products export in the leather sector of Bangladesh and is also involved in the local footwear retail business with the second largest shoe retail net work in the country. AAFL has equity , technical and marketing participation from La Nuova Adelchi one of the largest footwear manufacturers of Italy. Beximco Pharma Beximco Pharma aspires to become a nationally admired and globally reputed generic pharmaceutical company, committed to enhancing human health and life. Beximco Pharmaceuticals Ltd (BPL) is a leading manufacturer of pharmaceutical formulations and Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) in Bangladesh. Beximco Pharma is the flagship company of Beximco Group, the largest private sector industrial conglomerate in Bangladesh, and remains the only Bangladeshi company with an AIM listing on the London Stock Exchange. The company is the largest exporter of pharmaceuticals in the country and its state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities are certified by global regulatory bodies of Australia, European Union, Gulf nations, Brazil, among others. The company is consistently building upon its portfolio and currently producing more than four hundred products in different dosage forms covering broader therapeutic categories which include antibiotics, antihypertensives, antidiabetics, antireretrovirals, anti asthma inhalers etc, among many others. With decades of contract manufacturing experience with global MNCs, skilled manpower and proven formulation capabilities, the company has been building a visible and growing presence across the continents offering high quality generics at the most affordable cost. Ensuring access to quality medicines is the powerful aspiration that motivates more than 2,500 employees of the organization, and each of them is guided by the same moral and social responsibilities the company values most. Today Beximco Pharma is building its presence across five continents and is the only Bangladeshi company to market pharmaceutical products in the USA. The company has a visible and growing presence in emerging market. We’ve built Beximco Pharma into one of the most trusted pharmaceutical companies in the country by delivering solid returns to our shareholders, and helping patients with life-altering conditions so that they may live their lives to the fullest. Products Services The name Beximco Pharma assures you of many things: outstanding product quality, leading-edge technology, advanced new products, and a commitment to serve the medical community. Our products come in a wide range of dosage forms including tablets, capsules, dry syrup, powder for suspension, cream, ointment, suppositories, metered dose nasal sprays, large volume intravenous fluids, metered dose inhalers etc. ensuring the global standard of quality. Healthcare professionals may contact us directly or alternatively the nearest Beximco Pharma Medical Representatives for further information. Our country regulations do not allow pharmaceutical companies to offer medical advice or guidance to patients. Prescription medicines should be taken only as directed by a registered medical practitioner. Click on the product name for Consumer Medicine Information (CMI). The CMIs on this website are for Bangladeshi residents only. The CMIs were updated on 1st March, 2010 and are static documents. Objectives of Portfolio Management The main objectives of portfolio management are as follows: †¢ Security of Principal Investment: Investment safety or minimization of risks is one of the most important objectives of portfolio management. Portfolio management not only involves keeping the investment intact but also contributes towards the growth of its purchasing power over the period. The motive of a financial portfolio management is to ensure that the investment is absolutely safe. †¢ Consistency of Returns: Portfolio management also ensures to provide the stability of returns by reinvesting the same earned returns in profitable and good portfolios. The portfolio helps to yield steady returns. The earned returns should compensate the opportunity cost of the funds invested. Capital Growth: Portfolio management guarantees the growth of capital by reinvesting in growth securities or by the purchase of the growth securities. A portfolio shall appreciate in value, in order to safeguard the investor from any erosion in purchasing power due to inflation and other economic factors. A portfolio must consist of those investments, which tend to appreciate in real value after adjusting for inflation. †¢ Marketability: Portfolio management ensures the flexibility to the investment portfolio. A portfolio consists of such investment, which can be marketed and traded. Suppose, if your portfolio contains too many unlisted or inactive shares, then there would be problems to do trading like switching from one investment to another. It is always recommended to invest only in those shares and securities which are listed on major stock exchanges, and also, which are actively traded. †¢ Liquidity: Portfolio management is planned in such a way that it facilitates to take maximum advantage of various good opportunities upcoming in the market. The portfolio should always ensure that there are enough funds available at short notice to take care of the investor’s liquidity requirements. Diversification of Portfolio: Portfolio management is purposely designed to reduce the risk of loss of capital and/or income by investing in different types of securities available in a wide range of industries. The investors shall be aware of the fact that there is no such thing as a zero risk investment. More over relatively low risk investment give corresponding ly a lower return to their financial portfolio. †¢ Favorable Tax Status: Portfolio management is planned in such a way to increase the effective yield an investor gets from his surplus invested funds.

Acc 202 Essays

Acc 202 Essays Acc 202 Paper Acc 202 Paper Redford, Inc. has provided the following data:If the dollar contribution margin per unit is increased by 10%, total fixed cost is decreased by 20%, and all other factors remain the same, net income will:| | | A)| decrease by $60,000. | | | B)| increase by $60,000. | | | C)| increase by $120,000. | | | D)| increase by $420,000. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is C (Learning Objective 1): Net income will change as follows. Calculations: $600,000 x 10% = $60,000 $300,000 x 20% = $60,000| | 2 INCORRECT| | Gardner Manufacturing Company produces a product that sells for $120. A selling commission of 10% of the selling price is paid on each unit sold. Variable manufacturing costs are $60 per unit. Fixed manufacturing costs are $20 per unit based on the current level of activity, and fixed selling and administrative costs are $16 per unit. The contribution margin per unit is:| | | A)| $104. | | | B)| $72. | | | C)| $60. | | | D)| $48. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is D (Learning Objective 1): The contribution margin per unit is determined as follows. | | 3 CORRECT| | Newman Corporation produced and sold 80,000 units and reported sales of $4,000,000 during the past year. Management determined that variable expenses totaled $2,800,000 and fixed expenses totaled $720,000. What is the companys contribution margin ratio? | | | A)| 30%| | | B)| 70%| | | C)| 150%| | | D)| 250%| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is A (Learning Objective 3): The companys contribution margin (CM) ratio is determined as follows. CM ratio = CM ? Sales = (Sales – Variable expenses) ? Sales CM ratio = ($4,000,000 $2,800,000) ? $4,000,000 = 30%| | 4 INCORRECT| | Astair, Inc. eported sales of $8,000,000 for the month and incurred variable expenses totaling $5,600,000 and fixed expenses totaling $1,440,000. The company has no beginning or ending inventories. A total of 80,000 units were produced and sold last month. If sales increase by 200 units, how much should net income increase? | | | A)| $1,600| | | B)| $6,000| | | C)| $10,000| | | D)| $19,200| | | | | | Feedbac k:The correct answer is B (Learning Objectives 1 and 3): First, determine the contribution margin (CM) per unit as follows. CM per unit = (Sales – Variable expenses) ? Number of units sold   CM per unit = ($8,000,000 $5,600,000) ? 0,000 = $30 per unit Then, determine the impact of the increase in sales on net income as follows. Increase in net income = Increase in sales (in units) x CM per unit   Increase in net income = 200 units x $30 per unit = $6,000| | 5 CORRECT| | Astair, Inc. reported sales of $8,000,000 for the month and incurred variable expenses totaling $5,600,000 and fixed expenses totaling $1,440,000. The company has no beginning or ending inventories. A total of 80,000 units were produced and sold last month. (Note that this is the same data that was provided for the previous question. How many units would the company have to sell to achieve a desired profit of $1,200,000? | | | A)| 88,000| | | B)| 100,000| | | C)| 106,668| | | D)| 150,000| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is A (Learning Objectives 1 and 5): First, determine the contribution margin (CM) per unit as follows. Total contribution margin/Number of units sold = CM per unit $2,400,000/80,000 = $30 per unit Then, the total unit sales required to achieve the desired targeted profit is determined as follows. Break-even point in units = (Fixed expenses + Desired targeted profit) ? CM per unit Break-even point (in units) = ($1,440,000 + $1,200,000) ? $30 per unit = 88,000 units| | 6 INCORRECT| | Astair, Inc. reported sales of $8,000,000 for the month and incurred variable expenses totaling $5,600,000 and fixed expenses totaling $1,440,000. The company has no beginning or ending inventories. A total of 80,000 units were produced and sold last month. (Note that this is the same data that was provided for the previous question. ) What is the companys break-even in units? | | | A)| 0 units| | | B)| 48,000 units| | | C)| 72,000 units| | | D)| 80,000 units| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is B (Learning Objectives 1 and 6): First, determine the contribution margin (CM) per unit as follows. CM per unit = (Sales – Variable expenses) ? Number of units sold   CM per unit = ($8,000,000 $5,600,000) ? 80,000 = $30 per unit Then, the break-even point (in units) is determined as follows. Break-even point in units = Fixed expenses ? CM per unit Break-even point in units = $1,440,000 ? $30 per unit = 48,000 units| | 7 INCORRECT| | Astair, Inc. reported sales of $8,000,000 for the month and incurred variable expenses totaling $5,600,000 and fixed expenses totaling $1,440,000. The company has no beginning or ending inventories. A total of 80,000 units were produced and sold last month. (Note that this is the same data that was provided for the previous question. ) What is the companys margin of safety in dollars? | | | A)| $480,000| | | B)| $2,400,000| | | C)| $3,200,000| | | D)| $3,520,000| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is C (Learning Objectives 3, 6, and 7): The companys contribution margin (CM) ratio is determined as follows. CM ratio = (Sales – Variable expenses) ? Sales CM ratio = ($8,000,000 $5,600,000) ? $8,000,000 = 30% Then, determine the break-even point (in sales dollars) as follows. Break-even point in sales dollars = Fixed expenses ? CM ratio   Break-even point in sales dollars = $1,440,000 ? 30% = $4,800,000 Finally, determine the margin of safety as follows. Margin of safety (in dollars) = Sales – Break-even sales Margin of safety (in dollars) = $8,000,000 – $4,800,000 = $3,200,000| | 8 INCORRECT| | Astair, Inc. reported sales of $8,000,000 for the month and incurred variable expenses totaling $5,600,000 and fixed expenses totaling $1,440,000. The company has no beginning or ending inventories. A total of 80,000 units were produced and sold last month. (Note that this is the same data that was provided for the previous question. ) What is the companys degree of operating leverage? | | | A)| 0. 12| | | B)| 0. 4| | | C)| 2. 5| | | D)| 3. 3| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is C (Learning Objective 8): The companys degree of operating leverage is determined as follows. Degree of operating leverage = Contribution margin ? Net operating income Degree of operating leverage = $2,400,000 ? $960,000 = 2. 5| | 9 INCORRECT| | Grant Company sells a single product. The product has a selling price of $50 per unit and variable expenses of 80% of sales. If the companys fixed expenses total $150,000 per year, then it will have a break-even point in sales dollars of:| | | A)| $750,000| | | B)| $187,500| | | C)| $15,000| | | D)| $3,750| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is A (Learning Objectives 1 and 6): First, determine the contribution margin (CM) ratio as follows. CM ratio = Sales percentage – Variable expenses percentage CM ratio = 100% – 80% = 20% Then, the break-even point in sales dollars is determined as follows. Break-even point in sales dollars = Fixed costs ? CM ratio   Break-even point in sales dollars = $150,000 ? 20% = $750,000| | 10 INCORRECT| | Lange Company sells three products: X, Y and Z. Product Xs unit contribution margin is higher than Product Ys and Product Ys is higher than Products Zs. Which one of the following events is most likely to increase the companys overall break-even point? | | | A)| The installation of new automated equipment and subsequent lay-off of factory workers. | | | B)| A decrease in Product Zs selling price. | | | C)| An increase in the overall market demand for Product Y. | | D)| A change in the relative market demand for the products, with the increase favoring Product Z relative to Product Y and Product X. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is D  | Variable costing is also known as:| | | A)| Direct costing. | | | B)| Indirect costing. | | | C)| Marginal costing. | | | D)| Both (A) and (C). | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is D (Learning Objective 1): Variable costing is also known as direct costing and marginal costing. | | 2 INCORRECT| | Using absorption costing, a unit of product includes what costs? | | A)| Direct materials and direct labor. | | | B)| Direct materials, direct labor, and fixed overhead. | | | C)| Direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead. | | | D)| Direct materials, direct labor, variable overhead, and fixed overhead. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is D (Learning Objective 1): Using absorption costing, a unit of product includes direct materials, direct labor, variable overhead, and fixed overhead costs. | | 3 INCORRECT| | Using the following data, determine the unit product cost under absorption costing. | | | A)| $22| | | B)| $24| | C)| $28| | | D)| $30| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is C (Learning Objective 1): The unit product cost under absorption costing is determined as follows. | | 4 CORRECT| | Using variable costing, a unit of product includes which costs? | | | A)| Only direct materials and direct labor. | | | B)| Direct materials, direct labor, and fixed overhead. | | | C)| Direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead. | | | D)| Direct materials, direct labor, variable overhead, and fixed overhead| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is C (Learning Objective 1): Using variable costing, a unit of product includes direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead costs. | | 5 INCORRECT| | Using the following data, determine the unit product cost under variable costing. | | | A)| $22| | | B)| $24| | | C)| $28| | | D)| $30| | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is A (Learning Objective 1): The unit product cost under variable costing is determined as follows. | | 6 INCORRECT| | Product cost under absorption costing is characteristically:| | | A)| Higher than under variable costing. | | | B)| Lower than under variable costing. | | C)| Equal to variable costing. | | | D)| Higher sometimes and lower sometimes than variable costing. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is A (Learning Objective 1): Product cost under absorption costing is characteristically higher than under variable costing because the fixed overhead costs are included in product costs when absorption costing is used but not when variable costing is used. | | 7 INCORRECT| | V ariable costing is attractive to managers as an alternative to absorption costing because:| | | A)| Absorption costing makes distinctions between fixed and variable product costs. | | B)| Absorption costing is well suited to CVP analysis techniques. | | | C)| Absorption costing provides useful tools to managers for planning and control. | | | D)| To generate data for CVP analysis, considerable time would have to be invested to rework income statements constructed under absorption costing. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is D (Learning Objective 2): Variable costing is attractive to managers as an alternative to absorption costing because to generate data for CVP analysis, considerable time would have to be invested to rework income statements constructed under absorption costing| | INCORRECT| | When production is equal to sales, which of the following is true? | | | A)| No change occurs to inventories for either absorption costing or variable costing methods. | | | B)| The u se of absorption costing produces a higher net income than the use of variable costing. | | | C)| The use of absorption costing produces a lower net income than the use of variable costing. | | | D)| The use of absorption costing causes inventory value to increase more than they would through the use of variable costing. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is A (Learning Objective 3): When production is equal to sales, there are no inventories on hand at the beginning or end of the period. As a result, the same amount for ending inventories (zero) is reported whether absorption costing or variable costing methods are used. In addition, there would no difference in the amount of net income reported using the two methods. | | 9 INCORRECT| | Which of the following statements is (are) true? | | | A)| Net operating income is not affected by changes in production under absorption costing. | | | B)| Net operating income is not affected by changes in production under variable costing. | | C)| Both of the above statements are true. | | | D)| Neither of the above statements is true. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is B (Learning Objective 3): Net operating income is not affected by changes in production under variable costing. On the other hand, net operating income is affected by changes in production under absorption costing. | | 10 INCORRECT| | A segment of a bus iness responsible for both revenues and expenses would be referred to as:| | | A)| a cost center. | | | B)| an investment center. | | | C)| a profit center. | | | D)| residual income. | | | | | | Feedback:The correct answer is C  |

Black People and Tone Essay Example for Free

Black People and Tone Essay Tone is the attitude a writer has about a topic. For example, a tone might be serious, sarcastic, respectful, or unsympathetic. A writer establishes tone through choice of words and details. Directions: Zora Neale Hurston creates a strong tone when she writes about race in this essay. In the second column of the chart, list key word choices and details from the essay that reflect her attitude for each topic. Describe her tone in the third column. Then answer the question that follows. Topic| Word Choices and Details| Tone|Growing up in a town with only African-Americans| She knew no other and just thought it was normal.| Laid back,normal| White people visiting Eatonville| NorthernersWhites would just pass thru| Exciting, actors| The difference between Eatonville and Jacksonville| Eatonville was only blacks and Jacksonville was predominantly white with colors being a minority.| Solemn and lonely| The lasting effects of slavery in the United States| People reminding her that she is a granddaughter of slaves| Depressed | How African-Americans and white people respond differently to music| African-Americans feel more depth and soul. It is real they have lived it and white people look for more classical to relax and just enjoy.| respectful| What is the overall tone of Hurston’s essay? What point does Hurston make by choosing this tone to discuss the subject of race? Is Hurston’s tone appropriate and effective for her topic? Explain. I believe her tone was excited about her younger years and the fun of just being a kid and knowing nothing about race or discrimination. Towards the end it became more solemn. But she was wrong by no means. Her talk and expression was regulated by her story telling. She only told about her situation and what she experienced. I really enjoyed it. Black People and Tone. (2016, Dec 23).

The United Kingdoms constitution does not provide sufficient Essay

The United Kingdoms constitution does not provide sufficient protection for the right to protest in the streets. Discuss - Essay Example Over time, Parliament has passed several laws limiting the application of the sovereignty of the parliament. These laws are a reflection of the political developments within UK as well as outside of it. These laws include the transference of power to different bodies like the Scottish Parliament and Welsh Assembly, the Human Rights Act 1998 as well as UK’s entry to the European Union in 1972 and the decision establishing the Supreme Court in 2009 which ended the House of Lords role as UKs final court of appeal are all such developments in law that limit parliamentary sovereignty (www.parliament.uk, n.d.). All these measures and laws do not necessarily destabilize the principle of parliamentary sovereignty. This statement is based on the fact that the parliament can still at least in theory repeal any of the laws that implement these changes (www.parliament.uk, n.d.). However, since UK became a signatory to the convention, it was held in to R v. Secretary of State for the Home Department ex p. Brind 1991 that Parliament must enact laws that are in conformity with the Convention and an Act of Parliament must be interpreted or construed in line with the Convention. The Human Rights Act 1998 is also known as HRA and it came into effect in the United Kingdom in the October of 2000. It comprises of a series of various sections that have codify the protections stated in the European Convention on Human Rights into the United Kingdom law. Under the Human Right Act, all public bodies like the police, courts, hospitals, publicly funded schools, local governments and many others and any other bodies that carry out public functions must comply with the Convention rights. The Human Right Act has enabled individuals to file human rights cases in the domestic courts and human right cases do not have to be filed Strasbourg to be argued in the European Court of Human Rights (Equality and Human Rights Commission, n.d.). Section

Customer Service Excellence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Customer Service Excellence - Essay Example Then when the organisations realised the fact that the sales pattern followed by them did not correspond with the consumer needs, then the need for a separate marketing department was realise. It can thus be named as the marketing department era. Next came the marketing company era when the need of organisations to focus on its customers to achieve its goals was realised. Hence, customer is given the highest priority in any of the marketing activities followed by the organisations. Customer Relationship Marketing Relationship is vital to the marketing process and the companies are now focussed on relationship marketing which helps to create, maintain and build a strong long term relationship with the stakeholders of the company including its customers (Palmatier, 2008). The area of relationship marketing has been an area of focus for the last few years. Relationship marketing mainly puts emphasis on the retention of customers rather than acquiring new customers. It heavily stresses o n the process of customer satisfaction and gives less importance to sales transactions. Relationship marketing, to a large extent, differs from that of the traditional forms of marketing. Relationship marketing mainly gauges the importance of long term relationship with a customer. Some of the eminent scholars identified that practicing relationship marking will help the company to convert a normal customer into a loyal customer. The loyalty factor in turn offers the company with new sales opportunities through repeat purchase (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1986, p. 234-235). Importance of Customer Service Customer service can be considered as the relationship that an organisation develops with its consumers or customers. It includes the provision of... The facts and analysis presented in this report suggest that most of the business organisations in this modern era are customer oriented. Any company which is market oriented is found to focus on all their business activities keeping the customers at the centre. The business activities are performed in such a way that it corresponds to the specific needs and wants of the customers. This process leads to the increased satisfactions for the customers and once the customer becomes happy it can be expected that they would continue their relationship with the organisation and would like to have the same product in future. This increases the customer trust and loyalty and helps the organisations to have a sustainable growth in future. Concept of marketing is not new and it has evolved through various stages. This paper makes a conclusion that the companies are now focused on finding products for the customers and not finding customers for the products offered by them. Technological advancements are also having a significant impact on the ways in which customer services are provided by the organisations. Technology has helped to provide customer service in a timely manner and the companies can now provide greater satisfaction to their customers. All these facts suggest that customer service is the most important aspect for any business organisation in order to ensure its profitable and sustainable growth in future.

Effects on Relationships Among Adolescents Essay Example for Free

Effects on Relationships Among Adolescents Essay Chyril Lou T. Caià ±a February 6, 2013 BSAC-I-ACA 9:21AM Area Exposure I interviewed a woman whose age is 43, single, from Isla Puntod Balulang. She survived the Sendong tragedy with the help of God as well as other people around her. She has many relatives as well as cousins who survived the sending tragedy and luckily no one died in her family when the tragedy occurred. The basic information she gave was that because of the hanging bridge many of her cousins as well as herself survived the occurring tragedy while her clothes as well as the others were already wet and dirty. The tragedy started at about 9:00 in the evening she said when water levels were increasing up to the calves and were at a safety zone at 2:00 AM and there she and the group of survivors were taken to Xavier heights for immediate recovery as well as shelter. Her life before the tragedy was easier she said as well as the way she will cope up in order to forget the tragedy is to work hard and start a new life with the blessings God gave her as well as the help that was given to her as well. She also said that if it had not been for the dog that was scratching her face she would’ve been dead because she was asleep sadly the dog died in the tragedy that saved her. Now that I have heard her story as well as understood what she experienced I now have the insight that the cause of grief and sadness is not because of God but the way we act according to our ways as people living right now because we people take for granted what God has given as such as nature and the living things living in and with nature. We people corrupt because of greed and other vices and sins and because of this some suffer and if not all of us. While it is unbecoming for us to be more and more undisciplined because of today’s present situation as well as continuing distress and poverty of our country’s people we must shed light to the truth in order of us to be saved as well as learn how to become more humanly as well as more understanding and caring for each individuals needs as well as our environment by starting to be more aware of what will happen if we don’t pick up our trashes and garbage’s and recycle them properly. For it has been stated in Isaiah 45:7† I form the light, and create darkness: I make peace, and create evil: I the Lord do all these things.† What it means for me is that this correlates to God’s people being obedient thus God rewards them with prosperity and blessings as well as if the people as disobeying God’s commands as well as his teachings then God will give way to disasters and strife if we disobey and continue with our disobedience with him. For we people are the stewards of God’s creation and we must do what we can to save ourselves as well as the world.

Capital Punishment Must Be Put To Death Essay -- Capital Punishment, De

Capital punishment, better known as the death penalty, has been around for centuries. Like all elements of modern society, the death penalty has evolved over the course of many years. Initially, the death penalty was administered by a royal court or monarchy through brutal stoning. Since then, the guillotine, noose, electric chair, and [currently] lethal injection have all been tools created to administer the death penalty here in the United States. Before the act of actually ending the criminal’s life is performed he or she waits on death row during the course of any court proceedings. In America, death row is the term given to the section of a prison reserved for inmates awaiting trial concerning the death penalty. The term â€Å"death row† is figurative. Due to extensive court proceedings, individuals on death row may await trial or sentencing for months or years. There is no way to determine how long an inmate will stay on death row. However, research has shown that extensive periods of time on death row lowers inmates’ mental capacities and capabilities, and deteriorates their physical health at alarming rates. Inmates on death row have no one to comfort them, to care for them, or to visit them. Jack Alderman is the longest serving death row American prisoner with over thirty-three years prior to his execution. In the state of Georgia on September 16, 2008 Alderman was executed by lethal injection. He was convicted for his part in the murder of his wife Barbara Alderman. Although the â€Å"U.S. Supreme Court declared the death penalty unconstitutional† (Swarns 1 of 3), the issue has gone back to trial and reinstated. The death penalty is legal rhetoric that is based on heightened emotions and revenge. The â€Å"justice† system that determin... ... Works Cited Hawkins, Steven W. â€Å"It is Immoral and Ineffective†. World and I Sept. 2002: 247 General OneFile. Web. 1 Nov. 2011. â€Å"Death Penalty is violation of human Rights: L:aws are not Meant to Punish Anyone but to Bring Change.† DNA (Daily News and Analysis). 11 Oct. 2009. General OneFile. Web. 1 Nov. 2011 Lafevere, Patricia. â€Å"Group Urges Legislator to Scrap Death Penalty. (Nation)†. National Catholic Reporter 28 Dec. 2001 General OneFile. Web. 1 Nov. 2011. Swarns, Christina. â€Å"The Uneven Scale of Capital Justice: How Race and Class Affect Who Ends Up on Death Row†. The American Prospect. 15.7 (2004): A14+. Gale Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 1 Nov. 2011 â€Å"Top 10 Pros and Cons: Should the Death Penalty be Allowed?† deathpenalty.procon.org N.p. n.d. Web. 3 Nov. 2011

The thrust of the Computer Security Plan

The thrust of the Computer Security Plan part of the Business Plan is to ensure that the information systems to be deployed by the company will be in line with of the strategic mission and vision of the company. In order to insure that the information technology infrastructure and resources will meet the requisite requirements of every strategic, tactical and operational plan, the company decided to start on the right footing by adapting the standards contained in the ISO/IEC 17799:2005 or specifically known as the Information Technology – Security Techniques – Code of Practice for Information Security Management. By purchasing the ISO 17799 Toolkit, the company can follow the roadmap for a more secure information systems environment, implement the policies contained in the toolkit, and eventually obtain ISO 17799 certification to add more value to the consulting business. Specifically, the company will initially address the following areas that require immediate attention: 1.User authentication methods and policies – This will be based on Section 11.1.1 of ISO 17799 wherein, â€Å"An access control policy should be established, documented, and reviewed based on business and security requirements for access. Access control rules and rights for each user or group of users should be clearly stated in an access control policy. Access controls are both logical and physical and these should be considered together. Users and service providers should be given a clear statement of the business requirements to be met by access controls.† 2.Desktop policies – This will be based on Sections 11.3.2 Unattended user equipment and 11.3.3 Clear desk and clear screen policy wherein, â€Å"Users should ensure that unattended equipment has appropriate protection. All users should be made aware of the security requirements and procedures for protecting unattended equipment, as well as their responsibilities for implementing such protection. Users should be advised to terminate active sessions when finished, unless they can be secured by an appropriate locking mechanism, e.g. a password protected screen saver; log-off mainframe computers, servers, and office PCs when the session is finished; secure PCs or terminals from unauthorized use by a key lock or an equivalent control. A clear desk policy for papers and removable storage media and a clear screen policy for information processing facilities should be adopted.† 3.Remote user authentication methods and policies – This will be based on Section 11.4.2 User authentication for external users of ISO 17799 wherein, â€Å"Appropriate authentication methods should be used to control access by remote users. Authentication of remote users can be achieved using, for example, a cryptographic based technique, hardware tokens, or a challenge/response protocol. Possible implementations of such techniques can be found in various virtual private network (VPN) solutions. Dedicated private lines can also be used to provide assurance of the source of connections. Dial-back procedures and controls, e.g. using dial-back modems, can provide protection against unauthorized and unwanted connections to an organization's information processing facilities. This type of control authenticates users trying to establish a connection to an organization's network from remote locations.† 4.Password policy – This will be based on Section 11.3.1 Password use of ISO 17799 wherein, â€Å"Users should be required to follow good security practices in the selection and use of passwords. All users should be advised to keep passwords confidential; avoid keeping a paper or software record of passwords, unless this can be stored securely and the method of storing has been approved; change passwords whenever there is any indication of possible system or password compromise; select quality passwords with sufficient minimum length which are easy to remember; not based on anything somebody else could easily guess or obtain using person related information; not vulnerable to dictionary attacks; free of consecutive identical, all-numeric or all-alphabetic characters; change passwords at regular intervals or based on the number of accesses, and avoid re-using or cycling old passwords; change temporary passwords at the first log-on; not include passwords in any automated log-on process, not use the same password for business and non-business purposes.† 5.Communication process for email, secure file exchange via email – This will be based on Section 10.1.1 Documented operating procedures of ISO 17799 wherein, â€Å"Operating procedures should be documented, maintained, and made available to all users who need them. Documented procedures should be prepared for system activities associated with information processing and communication facilities, such as computer start-up and close-down procedures, backup, equipment maintenance, media handling, computer room and mail handling management, and safety. Operating procedures, and the documented procedures for system activities, should be treated as formal documents and changes authorized by management. Where technically feasible, information systems should be managed consistently, using the same procedures, tools, and utilities.† To further manage the information technology infrastructure and resources, the plan calls for the adoption of the â€Å"best-of-breed† approach by way of making certain that the building blocks of information security (Shaurette 2002) are fully exploited. These building blocks include the optimum use of security policies, authentication, access control, anti-virus/content filtering systems, virtual private networking (VPN)/encryption methodologies, vulnerability services consulting, intrusion protection system, and public key infrastructure (PKI)/certification authorities (CA)/digital signatures systems. This is considered to be the first step towards finding a technique for modeling and evaluating the security of a system (Stjerneby 2002).

What is the meaning of the Ninth Commandment to a college student?

The basic premise behind the ninth commandment is truth, whether it is truth in deed, truthful speech or honest thoughts.   If we take the meaning of the commandment further and interpret the words to mean that a person should not lie, then we can understand better how this commandment might impact our daily life, especially in today’s modern environment where deception, and white lies appear to be condoned by our western society. The ninth commandment requires for each individual to be honest in his or her dealings with others, but analysis of the term â€Å"lying† reveals that there is more to being truthful than accurate reporting.The Oxford Modern English Dictionary (1996) defines â€Å"truth† as being â€Å"the quality or state of being true or truthful† (p. 1114) and â€Å"truthful† as â€Å"habitually telling the truth† (p.1114).   By comparison the definition of the term â€Å"lying† in the same dictionary is listed as â₠¬Å"part of a lie†¦deceitful, false† (p.595) where â€Å"Lie† is described as â€Å"an intentionally false statement† (p. 573).   From these interpretations it is easy to reach the conclusion that the definition of both truth and lying is steeped more in the intention of the individual rather than individual acts or words spoken.Brevard Childs (1974) believed that the original idea behind the ninth commandment was a legal one, rather than an ethical one, in that he translated the original text to mean that a person should not tell lies in a court of law (Childs, 1974), however the more modern viewpoint on the meaning of the commandment appears to be related to individual accountability and a desire to live a life of truth (St. John in the Wilderness, 2001, [online]).There are many different ways a person can lie including withholding the truth, slandering another person or action, or telling white lies and despite ethical discussions to the contrary all of these actions are considered untruthful from a biblical perspective.   For example in Leviticus 19:11, we are told, â€Å"you shall not steal, you shall not deal falsely, and you will not lie to one another† (NRSV).   Later in the same chapter we are again told, â€Å"you shall not go around as a slanderer among your people†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Leviticus 19:16). These are just two of the copious number of biblical references that can be found that encourage each individual to be a truthful person, but how relevant is this truth in modern society?Terence Fretheim (1991) interpreted the ninth commandment to convey a foundation for community and social living.   He wrote, â€Å"unless there is an arena in which there is public confidence that social reality will be reliably described and reported† (Fretheim, p.848), the concept of community could not exist.  Ã‚   Blatnik (2004) corroborates that idea and goes on to say, â€Å"there is no community on the face of public lies† (p.3).   Blatnik (2004) also mentions verses in Ephesians that point towards the idea that â€Å"we are bound to each other in a way that a lie in one place, a lie at one level, a lie by one person, is like a ripple in a pond – the whole pond is ultimately affected† (p.3).Walter Brueggemann (1994) wrote in his book that the ninth commandment is â€Å"a recognition that community life is not possible unless there is an arena in which there is public confidence that social reality will be reliably described and reported† (p.26).   He believed that not only was truth an important part of a just and fair legal system, but that truth should be evident in all forms of public interaction.   For example the modern idea that skewing the truth in the advertisement of products in mass media forums is an accepted part of society, but essentially if public truth cannot reflect public reality then an important part of society is undermined and we as members of this society tend, over time, to distrust the messages we get from mass media sources.In his book Commandments of Compassion, Keenan (1999) suggest that as a society we need to â€Å"create a space where truth can be told† (p.4). He believes that truth should be evident in personal relationships, family relationships and public dealings we have with other members of our community.   Unfortunately this level of truth can only be created if all members of society were totally honest with each other and as it is not possible for us as human beings, to read the thoughts of another person, it is often difficult to tell if a person we are dealing with has the same commitment towards living a truthful life as we ourselves would like to have.John Timmerman (1997) also wrote about how to be truthful in all of our relationships, both personal and public. He emphasized the different ways we as individuals could achieve this level of truthfulness and suggested that if we were caref ul in the words we spoke so that we did not give another person the wrong impression, and combined this with attentive listening to another person, then these actions could increase our own individual ability to be truthful at all times.   Timmerman also noted that the idea of promises were almost a sacred act, in that as we believe in the promises from God, so we should ensure that we only make promises we can keep (Timmerman, 1997).According to John Ritenbaugh (1997) lying is rife in our communities.   His article mentions surveys that show that students lie to their parents about 50% of the time, that people in personal relationships lie about 30 percent of the time to their partner, while 12% of four million Americans in the job market had lost their jobs because they had misleading information on their resumes (Ritenbaugh, 1997).   He suggested that the reason lying was so prevalent in our society was because we tend to use other terms for lying, such as â€Å"exaggerati ng† or â€Å"inaccuracy† to describe the untruths.We seem as a society to accept that politicians are up to no good, that a salesman is probably â€Å"putting us on† and that big corporations must be doing something illegal because they make so much money.   The fact that these beliefs have permeated our social fabric to such a degree that these thoughts are commonplace shows just how little truth we expect from others in our daily lives.   This fact alone would suggest that because we do not expect others to tell us the truth, we might be less likely to be truthful ourselves.   It would seem that much of society is based on the idea that ‘everyone else is doing it† so therefore we can absolve ourselves of being accountable and honest in our own dealings with others.The Bible gives us countless examples of what it means to be truthful.   Deuteronomy 32:4 says â€Å"He is the rock, His work is perfect; for all His ways are justice, a God of tr uth and without injustice; righteous and upright is He† (NSRV). The teachings from Jesus also contain ideas on how to be truthful, especially in terms of the role model he became for other people.   Jesus was an example of a person who lived by his words on a daily basis, and it is through his example that we can see what changes we might need to put in place in our own lives, to be a better and more truthful person.A Christian student goes to a Christian college with the expectation that the people who share the campus with them are going to live by the same standards as themselves.   One of these expectation is that the other students, the tutors and even the administration staff of the college will all want to abide by the ten commandments and sometimes it can be bit of a shock to us to find that not only are there countless people in general society that fail to live by the commandments on a daily basis, but that some of the people in the college are also failing to li ve by the high standards set by Jesus Christ.However, it is my personal opinion that when it comes to attendance at a Christian educational institution that rather than condemn or alienate those students who might lie to us, or fail the commandments in some way or another, that we need to be forgiving and use the positive Christian influence of the college to help understand why some people find it difficult to be truthful in voice and deed and encourage these people back onto a Christian path in life.   We need to heed the words by Keenan (1999) mentioned earlier that we need to create the space where a person can feel comfortable enough to tell the truth.One of the main reasons people lie to others is based on their own fear of being judged by another person.   Most of us feel the need to make a good impression on others, so we feel we are not doing any harm by just omitting a few pertinent facts, or telling a few white lies to make ourselves appear better in a public light. A lthough the intention behind these actions may not be malicious, any form of untruth is a lie, and the only way we can be truthful people, and keep the ninth commandment is to be totally honest in all our dealings, both personal and professional.As students we are all well aware of how easy it is to be tempted to appear â€Å"better† in the way we behave, especially among our peers (Christian and non-Christian), but as Christians we are also aware of how important it is for us to live by higher standards than other non-Christian people might be prepared to live.   We need to remember that we are all sinners in some way or another, which is why I think that it is so important, when we do become aware that one of our Christian classmates is having problems being honest in their dealings, that we help rather than condemn him.   For example one of our classmates might be telling â€Å"white lies† to his parents because his grades are not as high as they should be.Even though we all learn the importance of being truthful in all of our thoughts, words and actions, it is not our place to ignore or shun that failing student – it is not our place to judge him.   Rather we should help him in spiritual ways by studying scriptures that are appropriate for the situation, and in practical ways by offering to help him study harder so that he is able to get a grade he can be proud of.   Blatnik (2004) told us that just one lie by one individual in a community can affect the whole community, but if we as Christian individuals hold fast to our own truths then through the power of prayer and understanding we can help our fellow students stay true to the teachings of Jesus Christ.The ninth commandment tells us we should not bear false witness against our neighbour – what it is asking us to do is to make truth the foundation for our lives here on earth.   Only when we are completely truthful in all of our dealings with other people around us c an we have an honest relationship with God, and that fact applies to all of us, not only as Christians, not only as college students, but also as members of the human race. ReferencesBlatnik, D.J., (2004).   The Ninth Commandment. Second Presbyterian Church Sermons, accessed online at http://www.2prelex.org/S040418.htm October 2, 2005Brueggemann, W., (1994).   The Book of Exodus, in The New Interpreter’s Bible, Vol. 1.   Nashville:   Abingdon PressChilds, B.S., (1974).   The book of Exodus: A critical, theological commentary.   Louisville: Westminster Press.Fretheim, T.E., (1991).   Exodus: Interpretation, a Bible commentary for teaching and preaching, Louisville: John Knox Press.Keenan, J.F., (1999).   Commandments of Compassion.   Franklin, WI: S.J. Sheed & WardOxford Modern Dictionary (Second Edition), (1996), New York: Oxford University Press.Ritenbaugh, J.W., (December 1997).   The Ninth Commandment, Forerunner, Personal. Charlotte, NC:   Church of the Great GodSt. John in the Wilderness [online] (2001).   The Ten Commandments: 9. You shall not answer against your neighbor as a false witness.   Accessed at http://www.stjohnadulted.org October 2 2005.Timmerman, J.H., (1997).   Do we still need the Ten Commandments? A fresh look at God’s Laws of Love.   Minneapolis: Augsburg

Gray Wolf Facts

Gray Wolf Facts The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is the largest member of the Canidae (dog) family, with a range extending through Alaska and parts of Michigan, Wisconsin, Montana, Idaho, Oregon, and Wyoming. Gray wolves share their ancestry with domestic dogs, coyotes, and wild dogs such as dingoes. Scientists consider the gray wolf to be the species from which most other wolf subspecies evolved. The gray wolf is classified as part of the kingdom Animalia, order Carnivora, family Canidae,  and the subfamily Caninae. Fast Facts: Gray Wolves Scientific Name: Canis lupusCommon Name(s): Gray wolf, timber wolf, wolfBasic Animal Group:  Mammal  Ã‚  Size: 36 to 63 inches; tail: 13 to 20 inchesWeight: 40–175 poundsLifespan: 8–13 yearsDiet:  CarnivoreHabitat:  Alaska, northern Michigan, northern Wisconsin, western Montana, northern Idaho, northeast Oregon, and the  Yellowstone  area of WyomingPopulation:  17,000 in the United StatesConservation  Status:  Least Concern Description Gray wolves look very much like large German shepherd dogs, with pointed ears and long, bushy, black-tipped tails. Wolf coat colors vary from white to gray to brown to black; most have a mix of colors with tan facial markings and undersides. Northern wolves are often larger than southern wolves, and males are usually larger than females. Jim Cumming/Getty Images Habitat and Distribution Gray wolves were once found in large numbers throughout the Northern Hemisphere- in Europe, Asia, and North America. At one time or another, gray wolves have ranged across nearly every type of environment found north of the equator from deserts to tundra, but they were hunted to near extinction wherever they were found. In the ecosystems they inhabit, wolves are a keystone species: They have a large influence on their environment despite their low abundance. Gray wolves exert control on their prey species, changing the numbers and behavior of large herbivores like deer (which is now overabundant in many places), thus ultimately affecting even the vegetation. Because of that important role, wolves hold a central place in  rewilding projects. The gray wolf is an extremely adaptable species and is one of those animal species that survived the last ice age. The gray wolfs physical characteristics enabled it to adapt quickly to the harsh conditions of the ice age, and its cunning and adaptation helped it survive in the changing environment. Diet Gray wolves typically prey on large ungulates (mammals with hooves) such as deer, elk, moose, and caribou. Gray wolves also eat smaller mammals such as hares and beavers as well as fish, birds, lizards, snakes, and fruit. Wolves are also scavengers and will eat the flesh of animals killed by other predators, by motor vehicles, and so on. When wolves find ample food or hunt successfully, they eat their fill. A single wolf may consume as much as 20 pounds of meat in a single feeding. Behavior Gray wolves are social animals. They usually live and hunt in packs of six to 10 members and often range over long distances- up to 12 miles or more- in a single day. Typically, several members of a wolf pack will hunt together, cooperating to pursue and bring down large prey. Wolf packs follow a strict hierarchy with a dominant male and female at the top. The Alpha male and female are usually the only two wolves in the pack that breed. All of the adult wolves in the pack help to care for the pups by bringing them food, instructing them, and keeping them from harm. Gray wolves have a complex system of communication that includes a wide range of barks, whines, growls, and howls. Their iconic and legendary howl is one way that gray wolves communicate with each other. A lone wolf may howl to attract the attention of his pack while wolves in the same pack may howl together to establish their territory and declare it to other wolf packs. Howling may also be confrontational or may simply be an answering call to the howls of other wolves nearby. Andyworks/Getty Images Reproduction and Offspring Most wolves mate for life, breeding once a year between January and March (or earlier in the south). The gestation period is about 63 days; wolves usually give birth to between four and six pups. Wolf mothers give birth in a den (typically a burrow or cave), where they can oversee the welfare of tiny pups which are born blind and weigh only about one pound. She will move the pups several times during the first few months of their lives. To feed their young, wolves regurgitate their food until the pups are old enough to manage meat on their own. Young wolves stay with their natal pack until they are about three years old. At that point, they make the decision to either stay with their pack or strike out on their own. Enn Li  Photography/Getty Images   Conservation Status Gray wolves have a conservation status of Least Concern, meaning that there is a large and stable population. Wolves were successfully reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park and parts of Idaho in 1995. They have been naturally recolonizing parts of their former range, moving into Washington and Oregon. In 2011, a lone male wolf made it to California. There is now a resident pack there. In the Great Lakes region, gray wolves are now thriving in Minnesota, Michigan, and now Wisconsin. One of the challenges of expanding gray wolf populations is that people continue to fear wolves, many farmers and ranchers consider gray wolves a menace to livestock, and hunters want the government to declare open season on gray wolves to stop them preying on game animals such as deer, moose, and elk. By the mid-1930s, most gray wolves in the United States had been killed. Today, the gray wolfs North American range has been reduced to Canada and parts of Alaska, Idaho, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Mexican wolves, a gray wolf subspecies, are found in New Mexico and Arizona. Gray Wolves and Humans Wolves and human beings have a long adversarial history. Although wolves rarely attack humans, both wolves and humans are predators at the top of the food chain. As a result, they are often in conflict as habitats decline and wolves become more likely to attack livestock. Negative feelings toward wolves have been nurtured over the centuries through popular culture. Fairy tales such as Little Red Riding Hood represent wolves as vicious predators; these negative representations make it very difficult to present wolves as a species to be protected. Despite negative interactions, wolves are also seen as symbols of strength and icons of the wilderness. This may be one reason why there is an increased interest in keeping wolves or wolf/dog hybrids as pets- a practice which is rarely successful for the animal or its owner. Sources Booker, Emily. â€Å"Ten Interesting Facts about Gray Wolves.†Ã‚  WWF, World Wildlife Fund, 21 July 2011, www.worldwildlife.org/blogs/good-nature-travel/posts/ten-interesting-facts-about-gray-wolves.â€Å"Gray Wolf.†Ã‚  National Wildlife Federation, www.nwf.org/Educational-Resources/Wildlife-Guide/Mammals/Gray-Wolf.Sartore, Joel. â€Å"Wolf | National Geographic.†Ã‚  Wolf | National Geographic, 7 Mar. 2019, www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/g/gray-wolf/.

Women's Rights in Australian Context Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women's Rights in Australian Context - Assignment Example The 1970s and 1980s and some part of 1960s saw a second wave which was fundamentally directed at earning women rights equal to those enjoyed by men in Australia (skwirk.com.au, 2011). Importance of women’s rights in context of Australian politics: Women’s contribution can be seen as an integral part of almost all aspects of development in Australia. Despite their dedication and devotion for the development of Australian economy, culture and society, women in Australia had to overcome numerous social as well as institutional barriers in order to have their footprint marked on the Australian history. On the road to equality, Australian women have conventionally experienced tremendous setbacks along with some successes. This can be estimated from the fact that Australia was among the very first countries that provided women with the opportunity to be in the parliament and the right to vote. Yet, it is unfortunate that Australia did not appoint any female federal Cabinet-le vel minister until 1949 and the government required the female workers of the federal public service to resign upon marriage till the year 1966. Women experienced a tremendous social change in Australia in the two decades of 1970s and 1980s. â€Å"This period saw the emergence of articulate, politically focused women who campaigned in an organised way for equal pay, equal opportunity in education and the workplace, safe contraception, planned parenthood and adequate child-care facilities† (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2011). This period significantly improved the women’s status in Australia in comparison to men and the federal legislation had to put a ban on sex discrimination in 1984. Development of such reforms as pensions from the government for single mothers and childcare facilities followed. With the right to sit in the parliament and cast the vote, women’s rights are of huge significance to Australian politics. Besides, the way women have show ed up their strength in the 1970s and 1980s contains a lot of lessons for the political authorities in Australia. Current state of debate in Australia regarding women’s rights: People hold varying opinions regarding the influence of the women’s liberation movement upon the socioeconomic and political scenario of Australia. Although violence against women has gained increased recognition in Australia, yet women’s rights have still not fully been acknowledged. Today, Australian women have much more freedom of choice for reproduction unlike 1960s. Many women have gained important positions in both business and politics, though to achieve them, women still have to encounter much more challenges than men do. Women’s movement has done much to make most of the people acknowledge the equality of rights of men and women in Australia, but still little was done to alter the conventional roles of men and women in home. Women have much more opportunities today than th ey have had at any point in time in the past, yet women are still largely denied access to powerful positions in the organizations. More than 50 per cent of contemporary Australian population is women. Accordingly, more and more women have started to receive higher education. â€Å"In 2006, women accounted for 54.8 per cent of all tertiary education students and 47.5 per cent of all students enrolled in vocational education and training courses† (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, 2011). Most of the female students are studying food, management, nursing and commerce. Their representation in the engineering or building courses is not well up to the mark, with only 4.6 per cent of women entering these professions. Therefore, contemporary agencies are aware that not much

Written Critical Analysis of a Literary Text Essay

Written Critical Analysis of a Literary Text - Essay Example Nevertheless, linguists and anthropologists have often marginalized poetics through believing that the aesthetic way of using language is solely parasitic upon the core subjects of linguistics (Achebe, 2012). For instance, the core areas are semantics, syntax, phonology and anthropological fields like social and economy organization. This position emanates clearly in the work of a Nigerian author in his latest work of â€Å"There was a country,† as the article explains. There Was a Country: A Personal History of Biafra by Chinua Achebe Chinua Achebe was a Nigerian writer whose story telling talent and moral courage gifts have left enduring marks on the world’s literature. The release of There was a Country work explains his experience during the Civil War in Nigeria, aka the Biafra War of 1967 to 1970 (Serpell, 2012). The war was not famous because of its impacts on the lives of Biafra’s, who went for numerous days without food or water. The war was the greatest among the humanitarian disasters all over the world. Chinua Achebe and his loving family were caught up in the midst of atrocities. As a worldly known novelist, Achebe resided in a Biafra homestead worked as a ranging cultural ambassador and witnessed the full horror of the war. As soon as the war ended, Chinua acquired one of the academic posts in university based in the U.S (Anya, 2012). for a period of not less than forty years Chinua hardly uttered a word regarding those horrific war years. Nonetheless, he addressed the terrible years solely through his novels and poetry (Achebe, 2012). After spending several years composing â€Å"There Was a Country,† he finally presents a towering reckoning fateful experience covering both his experience and how he came to understand the experience. Chinua uses the context of literature and language, character, narrative and awareness of genre in this book. Marrying memoir and history, weaving the poetry of the author all through the ch apters, the book distills a vivid observation, considered reflection and research (Serpell, 2012). More so, the book relates the birth pangs in Nigeria, on the subject of Chinua’s development both as a man and significant Nigerian writer, as well as, evaluates the obligation of an artist during war. In the past, Achebe has written short stories and poems regarding Biafra such as Girls at War (1972). However, people hoped and waited for a chronicle about Achebe's view on the contested Nigerian history. At long last Chinua produced, a narration titled There was a Country, which is striking because it is not personal for providing details about the war; even though he subtitled it as A Personal History of Biafra. This book serves right the admirers of Achebe, as well as, those who are not yet familiar with his significant work (Serpell, 2012). Some of the parts are same as the passages of his previous essays and interspersed poems in the narrative. The keen followers of Achebeâ €™s work will develop interest while reading some new revelations regarding his life as he states in the first section. However, the book’s second section provides details about the war especially how he foregoes own memory. In writing regarding the crucial events, Chinua utilizes the information about what people told him instead of his own feelings. As a result, the narration leaves the audience with the most nagging dissatisfaction that reflects as if the writer left things unsaid (Achebe, 2012). More so, the book has several glimpses. For instance, on paying a vacation as one of the Biafra ambassadors to Canada, a host contributed a joke. A loud laughter accompanied the joke and abruptly it dawned to Chinua that Biafra was